News | How Do Genes Affect Reproductive Health and Longevity? Oxford Study Identifies Key Genes
A review led by researchers at the University of Oxford's Leverhulme Centre for Demographic Science and the University of Iceland examined how genetic variation helps explain differences in reproductive health and longevity. It provides the most comprehensive overview to date of genetic findings on male and female reproductive traits, including timing of parenthood and menopause and their links to lifespan.
Genes' Central Role in Reproduction
Using the global genome-wide association study (GWAS) catalog, researchers identified 159 genetic studies and 37 key genes linked to reproductive traits, including age at first birth, menopause timing, and levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone. The findings show that genetics influences fertility and broader health outcomes.
FSHB, the gene for follicle-stimulating hormone subunit beta, was associated with 11 reproductive outcomes. It helps regulate the timing of menstruation and menopause. The review also linked reproductive genes with rare genetic disorders, showing their wider effects on fertility and health.
Genetic Links to Reproductive Health, Obesity, and Longevity
As more people delay parenthood, understanding genes that shape reproductive health and the fertile window is increasingly important. The review identified genes shared across reproductive traits and links with health, body mass index (BMI), obesity, hormone-sensitive cancers, and behavioral traits.
ESR1, the estrogen receptor 1 gene, is associated with both reproductive traits and cancer risk. Earlier puberty or later menopause may increase risk of hormone-sensitive cancers such as breast cancer, while also being associated with longer life. FTO, previously linked to BMI, obesity, and type 2 diabetes, is also associated with several reproductive traits.
Genetics of Male Fertility
Although earlier work focused mainly on women, this study also examined male fertility. DNAH2 appears important for testosterone levels and sperm function.
Co-author Vincent Straub, a doctoral researcher at Oxford's Leverhulme Centre for Demographic Science and Oxford Population Health, said male reproductive health is essential but often overlooked, and that studying its genetics may reveal insights and potential treatments.
Effects of Genetic Changes on Offspring
Parents accumulate new spontaneous mutations as they age, and these can be passed to children. Earlier studies indicate that such mutations may significantly affect offspring health and development.
Conclusion: A Basis for Personalized Health Management
This review offers important insight into how genes shape reproductive health, fertility, and longevity and provides a foundation for personalized healthcare. The findings may support reproductive care and health management across generations.
News | How Do Genes Affect Reproductive Health and Longevity? Oxford Study Identifies Key Genes
News | How Do Genes Affect Reproductive Health and Longevity? Oxford Study Identifies Key Genes
A review led by researchers at the University of Oxford's Leverhulme Centre for Demographic Science and the University of Iceland examined how genetic variation helps explain differences in reproductive health and longevity. It provides the most comprehensive overview to date of genetic findings on male and female reproductive traits, including timing of parenthood and menopause and their links to lifespan.
Genes' Central Role in Reproduction
Using the global genome-wide association study (GWAS) catalog, researchers identified 159 genetic studies and 37 key genes linked to reproductive traits, including age at first birth, menopause timing, and levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone. The findings show that genetics influences fertility and broader health outcomes.
FSHB, the gene for follicle-stimulating hormone subunit beta, was associated with 11 reproductive outcomes. It helps regulate the timing of menstruation and menopause. The review also linked reproductive genes with rare genetic disorders, showing their wider effects on fertility and health.
Genetic Links to Reproductive Health, Obesity, and Longevity
As more people delay parenthood, understanding genes that shape reproductive health and the fertile window is increasingly important. The review identified genes shared across reproductive traits and links with health, body mass index (BMI), obesity, hormone-sensitive cancers, and behavioral traits.
ESR1, the estrogen receptor 1 gene, is associated with both reproductive traits and cancer risk. Earlier puberty or later menopause may increase risk of hormone-sensitive cancers such as breast cancer, while also being associated with longer life. FTO, previously linked to BMI, obesity, and type 2 diabetes, is also associated with several reproductive traits.
Genetics of Male Fertility
Although earlier work focused mainly on women, this study also examined male fertility. DNAH2 appears important for testosterone levels and sperm function.
Co-author Vincent Straub, a doctoral researcher at Oxford's Leverhulme Centre for Demographic Science and Oxford Population Health, said male reproductive health is essential but often overlooked, and that studying its genetics may reveal insights and potential treatments.
Effects of Genetic Changes on Offspring
Parents accumulate new spontaneous mutations as they age, and these can be passed to children. Earlier studies indicate that such mutations may significantly affect offspring health and development.
Conclusion: A Basis for Personalized Health Management
This review offers important insight into how genes shape reproductive health, fertility, and longevity and provides a foundation for personalized healthcare. The findings may support reproductive care and health management across generations.
Source:
Collected online